Some of the risks of weight loss surgery are:
10 percent to 20 percent of patients who have weight-loss operations require follow-up operations to correct complications such as abdominal hernias, breakdown of the staple line and stretched stomach outlets.
More than one-third of obese patients who have gastric surgery develop gallstones, which are clumps of cholesterol and other matter that form in the gallbladder. During rapid or substantial weight loss a person's risk of developing gallstones is increased. Gallstones can be prevented with supplemental bile salts taken for the first 6 months after surgery.
Nearly 30 percent of patients who have weight-loss surgery develop nutritional deficiencies such as anemia, osteoporosis and metabolic bone disease. These deficiencies can be avoided if vitamin and mineral intakes are maintained.
Women of childbearing age should avoid pregnancy until their weight becomes stable because rapid weight loss and nutritional deficiencies can harm a developing fetus.
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